A band playing music at a frequency f is moving towards a wall at a speed v$_{b}$. A car is following the…

A band playing music at a frequency f is moving towards a wall at a speed v$_{b}$. A car is following the band with a speed v$_{m}$. If v is the speed of sound, obtain an expression for the beat frequency heard by the driver sitting in the car.

Solution

Sol. Here → vo = vm vs = vb → Frequency received by driver from band, $f_1 = f\left(\frac{v - vo}{v + vs}\right) = f\left(\frac{v - vm}{v + vb}\right) \qquad \ldots (i)$ [figure showing car (speed v$_{m}$), band (observer speed vo) and wall] Here, → vs = vb vo = 0 → $f' = f\left(\frac{v - vo}{v + vs}\right) = f\left(\frac{v}{v + vb}\right)$ Now, wall will act as source of frequency $f'$ and driver as observer. Again, → vo = vm vs = vb → Frequency received by driver after reflection from wall, $f_2 = f'\left(\frac{v - vo}{v + vs}\right) = f\left(\frac{v}{v + vb}\right)\left(\frac{v + vm}{v}\right) = f\left(\frac{v + vm}{v - vb}\right)$ Beat frequency heard by driver, $f_2 - f_1 = f\left(\frac{v + vm}{v - vb}\right) - f\left(\frac{v - vm}{v + vb}\right)$ $= \dfrac{f}{(v^2 - v_b^2)}\big[(v + v_m)(v + v_b) - (v - v_m)(v - v_b)\big]$ $= \dfrac{f}{(v^2 - v_b^2)}\{[v^2 + vv_b + v_mv + v_mv_b] - [v^2 - vv_b - v_mv + v_mv_b]\}$ $= \dfrac{f\cdot 2v (v_b + v_m)}{(v^2 - v_b^2)}$ $= \dfrac{2fv (v_b + v_m)}{(v^2 - v_b^2)}$ Answer: $\dfrac{2fv(v_b+v_m)}{v^2-v_b^2}$

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